Titanium is a rare metal. In fact, titanium is not rare. Its abundance in the earth's crust occupies the seventh place, accounting for 0.45%, which is much higher than many common metals. However, due to the lively nature of titanium and the high requirements for smelting technology, people have been unable to produce a large amount of titanium for a long time, so it is classified as a "rare" metal. The main minerals used for smelting titanium are ilmenite (FeTiO3), rutile (TiO2) and perovskite. The ore is processed to obtain volatile titanium tetrachloride, and then reduced with magnesium to obtain pure titanium.
Geographical distribution
China’s total titanium resources total 965 million tons, ranking first in the world, accounting for 38.85% of the world’s proven reserves. They are mainly concentrated in Sichuan, Yunnan, Guangdong, Guangxi and Hainan, among which Panxi (Panzhihua Xichang) area is the largest in China Titanium resource base, the amount of titanium resources is 870 million tons.
China's proven titanium resources are distributed in a total of 108 mining areas in 21 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities). The main producing area is Sichuan, followed by Hebei, Hainan, Guangdong, Hubei, Guangxi, Yunnan, Shaanxi, Shanxi and other provinces (regions).
Titanium magnetite rock deposits: the main deposits are located in Yanbian Hongge and Miyibaima in Panzhihua, Sichuan Province, Taihe in Xichang; Damiao and Heishan in Chengde, Hebei Province, Zhaobinggou in Fengning, and Nantianmen in Chongli; Tongyu in Zuoquan, Shanxi Province; Bijigou in Yangxian County, Shaanxi Province; Weiya in Xinjiang; Zhaoanzhuang in Wuyang, Henan Province; Xialan in Xingning, Guangdong Province; Huma in Heilongjiang Province; Shangzhuang and Huairou in Changping, Beijing New land. Among them, Sichuan Province's on-balance sheet reserves (TiO2 442.5632 million tons) accounted for 95.1% of the national similar reserves (TiO2 465.2283 million tons), Hebei Province (TiO2 154.4446 million tons) accounted for 3.3%, Shaanxi Province accounted for 0.46%, and Shanxi Province accounted for 0.35%.
Rutile Mine The main deposits are located in Dafu Mountain in Zaoyang, Hubei Province; Nianzigou in Dai County, Shanxi Province; Yangchong in Xin County, Henan Province; and Liujiazhuang in Laixi County, Shandong Province. Among them, the on-table reserves of rutile (TiO2) in Hubei Province (5,344,300 tons) accounted for 71.2% of the country's similar reserves (7.5086 million tons), Shanxi Province (1.5479 million tons) accounted for 20.6%, and Shaanxi Province (444,000 tons) accounted for 5.9%.
The main ores of titanium are rutile TiO2 and ilmenite FeTiO3, and its discovery comes from the analysis of these two ores. As early as 1791, the pastor Gregor of Menacan, the parish of Menacan, in the southwestern end of England, England, was also a scientist. He analyzed a black ore produced in his parish, which is today A new metal substance was discovered when the ilmenite ore was named menacenite. Three years later, in 1795, Klaprott analyzed the rutile produced in Boinik, Hungary, and realized that it is a new metal oxide, which has the property of resisting acid and alkali solutions. He borrowed the land from Greek mythology. The first generation of sons, the Titans, named the metal titanium and the element symbol Ti. Two years later, Kraprot confirmed that the menacenite discovered by Gregor was titanium.
Titanium has strong corrosion resistance to acids and alkalis, and has become an important material in chemical production.
Titanium is generally regarded as a rare metal. In fact, its content in the earth's crust is quite large, larger than the common metals such as zinc, copper, and tin, and even larger than chlorine and phosphorus.